- P(gun)]
Փĸʽ
(do)Z(y)\(yn)Ç(gu)ҙ(qun)(du)(hu)(w)һN(dng)ҲԷָһI(y)I(y)λ(w)ϵy(tng)һMϵy(tng)(hu)ϵy(tng)һ(g)Ҫϵy(tng)СռČՓgӭx
ժҪ(yn)(sh)ǸI(lng)(do)ɲĞ֮֮Լ֮Ҫkһ(g)I(y)λĺIJT(jin)֡(yn)(sh)еָ(do)P(gun)ҪՓČ̽ӑ`С(yn)(sh)(du)l(f)]kЧľ
P(gun)I~kҹ(sh)(yn)
1
ҕkҵI(y)λwl(f)չЈ(chng)(jng)(j)гm(x)l(f)չkI(y)\(yn)D(zhun)P(gun)ҪãI(y)λİl(f)չ(sh)B(ti)ܴһȡQڌ(du)kҵĹǷ(yn)I(y)M(jn)k^(gu)횈(jin)֡(yn)(sh)ԭtʹkҵЧõõְl(f)]I(y)λЈ(chng)(jng)(zhng)cӰM(jn)I(y)λm(x)(wn)l(f)չ
2(jin)֡(yn)(sh)(du)I(y)λx
^(yn)ָǡ(yn)ɼ(yn)͡(yn)Ù(qun)˲M(jn)ң·ִ(yn)Ҏ(gu)¼o(j)ɵҪ(sh)һЏČ(sh)Hl(f)(yn)տ^(sh)H_̤(sh)k(jin)I(y)k؞䌍(sh)(yn)(sh)ԭtӏ(qing)kҹˆTL(fng)O(sh)kҹˆTľCB(yng)cB(yng)P(gun)IkҹЧc|(zh)(hu)Чc(jng)(j)Чȫߡ(yn)(sh)˼\(yn)kҹM(jn)˼Եõְl(f)]ͬr(sh)(du)kҹ톖(wn)}˽ʹ(wn)}õr(sh)ĽQkҵĽl(f)չ(jin)(sh)A(ch)ڴM(jn)I(y)λL(zhng)l(f)չ[1]
3kЬF(xin)Ć(wn)}
^ǶȿĿǰ҇(gu)I(y)λwl(f)չ^^Ƕȁ(li)I(y)λ(ni)k^(gu)ԴڱɺҕĆ(wn)}
3.1C|(zh)
I(y)kҌ(du)ˆTľCB(yng)I(y)(w)ˮƽԼ|(zh)ձҪ^I(y)ŵ˘(bio)(zhn)ˆTܽ(jng)(yn)gƼs(do)C|(zh)_(d)(bio)(yn)ӰkҵˮƽˆTǾC|(zh)¡|(zh)I(y)(w)ˮƽt(hu)k˽xʢУP(gun)I(y)(du)I(y)l(f)չo(w)I(y)l(f)չ_ҕ(du)ˆTC|(zh)B(yng)C|(zh)|(zh)͘I(y)(w)ʮֱҪ
3.2ֹܷ_
I(y)λ(ni)Tֹܷ࣬_Ҏ(gu)ĬF(xin)һF(xin)(wn)}tÓ؟(z)HӰI(y)(ni)F(tun)Y(ji)Ч߀Ɖ˹˾wԣʹù˾pʧ(yn)KI(y)Ŀ(bio)͑(zhn)ԵČ(sh)F(xin)(du)I(y)ijm(x)l(f)չOӰ
3.3C(j)Ʋȫ
I(y)^(gu)ע،(du)λˆTĹkC(j)ƵҪһЩI(y)MܓһC(j)ڈ(zh)ֻʽͬr(sh)߀ȱ(yng)Ī(jing)ƶ(du)ڹF(xin)ɫ](mi)m(dng)(jing)(l)һ̶ϴ˹ˆTķeOԣֱӌ(do)k|(zh)o(w)l(f)]Ч[2]
4á(yn)(sh)kЧ
(yn)(sh)ľw(ni)Ї(yn)ɼ(yn)(yn)Ù(qun)\Ҫ(sh)(chung)I(y)Ҫ(sh)Ҫ(sh)挦(du)ЧkЧܺI(y)l(f)չɏ֣
4.1(yn)ɼ
(yn)ɼ(yn)(du)M(jn)мskˆTҪl(f)]h^ãЌ(sh)I(lng)(hu)(yn)(sh)˼(ni)(jin)ֵ²أ(jin)ԭtt(yn)؇(gu)ҷɷҎ(gu)I(y)Ҏ(gu)ƶ(jin)I(y)²Լһһؓ(f)؟(z)ͬr(sh)ڈ(zh)Еr(sh)Ҫ(yn)So(h)ƶȵʥλԼ乫(du)`yo(j)ОF(xin)M(jn)пY(ji)M(jn)оʾԽkҹh(hun)ͬr(sh)kУˆTҪ(j)I(y)λl(f)չF(xin)͆TƶʹƶȵĿԺͿƌW(xu)cr(sh)M(jn)M(jn)kҵԻT(zhng)(dng)ģ
4.2(yn)
(yn)ă(ni)ڣҪעB(yng)X(ju)`Є(dng)ʡԲ飬r(sh)l(f)F(xin)QڵĆ(wn)}(sh)ñ_˼ָ(do)_⣬ˆTҲҪeO(x)(ji)R(sh)؟(z)R(sh)Ϸ(w)|(zh)l(f)]{(dio)ãf(xi){(dio)Tg_(ki)չ⣬I(y)λҪӏ(qing)(du)˾C|(zh)|(zh)cI(y)(w)ܵӖ(xn)(du)ToԻP(gun)TI(y)wٸM(jn)I(y)λwl(f)չ(du)k҃(ni)ͨf(xi){(dio)y(tng)I_I(y)λԺCЧ\(yn)
4.3(yn)Ù(qun)
(yn)Ù(qun)ҪkˆTͬI(yng)칫ƽCkҷՇ@ͱI(y)Ҏ(gu)ƶĻA(ch)I(y)Լ(hu)Ľ(jng)(j)Ч(hu)ЧڹҪλã(jin)QŽ^ԙ(qun)\˽֮⣬ˆTkвҪ(yn)߀Ҫ(sh)Hf(xi){(dio)k҃(ni)l(f)չ鹤c(din)(sh)kҹȫ^kҵļwúЧܰl(f)]
4.4\Ҫ(sh)
\Ҫ(sh)ҪkˆTM(jn)аl(f)չҎ(gu)^(gu)УԼİl(f)չcI(y)λǰ;Y(ji)(li)һЏČ(sh)Hrl(f)x븶TЄ(dng)ҪڹИ(sh)ȫR(sh)Ĵۣ̎Сʹ|(zh)cЧʵõϣڴ˻A(ch)Ͻһkϵy(tng)(w)̎ϢṩQ֧kϵy(tng)o܉ЧM(jn)kMY(ji)(gu)(sh)F(xin)k(ni)YԴĺ탞(yu)ĶMY(ji)(gu)Чc`
4.5(chung)I(y)Ҫ(sh)
kˆTI(y)l(f)չ^(gu)Ҫ_̤(sh)k£kĻڹИ(sh)(qing)ҵ؟(z)R(sh)c(dn)(dng)Լ؟(z)(dng)I(y)λİl(f)չy}ĕr(sh)߀Ҫw(wn)}wмɼ{(dio)оڌ(sh)`в(du)M(jn)(sh)ģr(sh)Ն(wn)}(dng)B(ti)@ץ{(dio)Աڌ(du)YˎЧQ(wn)}֮ҪMkM(jn)kҽm(x)\(yn)
4.6Ҫ(sh)
Ҫ(sh)ҪkˆTҪ(sh)(jin)(hu)xăr(ji)ֵ^(do)(sh)_ăr(ji)ֵ^^(i)(gu)\(chng)λ(du)\(chng)(du)ؓ(f)؟(z)˲ԼĹ|(zh)ˮƽڹ߀Ҫҕ(du)ͬgP(gun)ϵ̎?yn)ѺúkĻՇһ(g)I(y)ԳP(gun)IM(jn)I(y)λĻO(sh)(qing)kҵͷ(w)ֵR(sh)ʹkcI(y)λĸĸl(f)չm(yng)(wn)(ji)(du)͑ҲҪ\(chng)ķ(w)P(yng)I(y)I(xin)֮L(fng)ĶI(y)λõذl(f)չ[3]
5Y(ji)Z(y)
kҹеĵλɄ(dng)u䲻HI(y)l(f)չO(sh)֮ҲI(y)λO(sh)ĻʯkҪҕЧܵͰl(f)](yn)ɼ(du)I(y)λ(ni)_l(f)չI(lng)(hu)˼뾫ckЙC(j)Y(ji)ܴM(jn)I(y)λL(zhng)h(yun)l(f)չ
īI(xin)
1V|ʡC(j)P(gun)(w).Ч(qing)(w)ϰl(f)][J].Ї(gu)C(j)P(gun),2016(2):23-23.
2Sw.У(j)W(xu)ԺkЧܵġ(yn)(sh)[J].ĽY,2015(25):108-109.
3ʩ־Դ.W(xu)ԺkЧܵ˼[J].˴W(xu)ԺW(xu)(bo),201335(5):71-75.
ՓĸʽP(gun)£
ƵČ(sh)`(bo)03-03
ƵČ(sh)`(bo)03-03
팣I(y)ƌ(sh)(x)(bo)08-08
팣b04-13
I(y)(sh)(x)Y(ji)04-25
I(y)(sh)(x)Y(ji)04-25
I(y)(sh)(x)Y(ji)04-25
I(y)(sh)(x)Y(ji)04-25
I(y)(sh)(x)Y(ji)04-25
I(y)(sh)(x)Y(ji)04-25